What is the fuss over gm food?? The above cartoon shows overgrown, mutated veggies attacking cities, and its occupants, but is that what gm food really means??
Scientists have been tinkering with the DNA of commercial food for nearly two decades, and they’ve covered most of the food pyramid. Modern soybeans, cotton, tomatoes, potatoes, corn, rice, and sugarcane have all had their genomes tweaked to serve the human species. Most of the genetically modified (GM) food in the world sprouts on American soil, but the practice is growing in Argentina, Canada, Brazil, and China, to name just a few.
Naturally plants have been improved by breeding them with other, better plants - a natural process which takes years, but with GM foods, it's done quickly and artificially, and this is poses a problem for most people.
But are they Bad?
Well, most of us have and are ingesting genetically modified food, it is the norm in today's world. The problem is that most people feel that the lack of labelling on gm food takes the consumer's choice away, not knowing what you are putting in your body.
In addition the fact that the food is said to be genetically engineered confuses the consumers, you ask yourself, "was this amazingly delicious apple designed in a lab, or is it naturally yummy??
An example of a product that is usually genetically modified is tomatoes. Tomatoes are used in a lot of foods, but they rot quickly and don't always taste nice. So GM tomatoes have been created which last longer, look redder and taste better.
Below are the known pros and cons of GM food:
Pros
- Crops
- Enhanced taste and quality
- Reduced maturation time
- Increased nutrients, yields, and stress tolerance
- Improved resistance to disease, pests, and herbicides
- New products and growing techniques
- Animals
- Increased resistance, productivity, hardiness, and feed efficiency
- Better yields of meat, eggs, and milk
- Improved animal health and diagnostic methods
- Environment
- "Friendly" bioherbicides and bioinsecticides
- Conservation of soil, water, and energy
- Bioprocessing for forestry products
- Better natural waste management
- More efficient processing
- Society
- Increased food security for growing populations
Cons of GM Food
- Safety
- Potential human health impacts, including allergens, transfer of antibiotic resistance markers, unknown effects
- Potential environmental impacts, including: unintended transfer of transgenes through cross-pollination, unknown effects on other organisms (e.g., soil microbes), and loss of flora and fauna biodiversity
- Access and Intellectual Property
- Domination of world food production by a few companies
- Increasing dependence on industrialized nations by developing countries
- Biopiracy, or foreign exploitation of natural resources
- Ethics
- Violation of natural organisms' intrinsic values
- Tampering with nature by mixing genes among species
- Objections to consuming animal genes in plants and vice versa
- Stress for animal
- Labeling
- Not mandatory in some countries (e.g., United States)
- Mixing GM crops with non-GM products confounds labeling attempts
- Society
- New advances may be skewed to interests of rich countries
